In this article, Jacksonville State University's Amy Cota provides a summary of a 1993 article featured in "Environment and Behavior" by J. Talbot, R. Kaplan, F. Kuo, and S. Kaplan. The authors of this article discuss findings of a study that analyzed handout maps and argue that these maps need to be simplified to avoid visitor confusion.
In this article, Jacksonville State University's Stephen Bitgood and Sherri Lankford discuss museum orientation and circulation, including conceptual orientation and wayfinding. The authors analyze previsit orientation, lobby orientation, during-visit orientation, and exiting orientation.
In this article, Jacksonville State University's Stephen Bitgood and Amy Cota discuss the importance of orientation and circulation within exhibits. The authors outline a list of selected principles of visitor orientation and circulation that pertain specifically to an exhibition space, rather than to the entire facility.
In this article, Jacksonville State University's Stephen Bitgood provides a list of guidelines for creating and placing orientation signage. According to the author, this list offers a starting point for someone who wishes to construct a checklist.
In this article, Pete Conroy of the Anniston Museum of Natural History analyzes how "cheap thrills" can be the most effective ways to capture visitors' attentions, after which educational messages can be delivered. Conroy discusses the role of cheap thrills in zoo and museum exhibitions.
In this article, Rosalyn Rubenstein discusses how the focus group method can be used in museum visitor studies. Rubenstein provides a general description of the focus group method, describes the process by breaking it down into its component parts, uses case studies as examples of how focus groups have been used and the data they elicit, and draws conclusion about the projects to which focus groups are appropriate. This paper also makes reference to aspects of methodology in consumer market research and revisions, which Rubenstein uses to apply the technique to museum audience research.
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TEAM MEMBERS:
Rosalyn RubensteinVisitor Studies Association
In this article, Sydney Donahoe discusses visitor research at the San Diego Wild Animal Park. Donahoe explains three main reasons for conducting this research: advertising and marketing campaigns, to improve their product, and to assess visitor learning and enjoyment.
In this article, Stephen Bitgood of Jacksonville State University discusses issues associated with visitor orientation and circulation. Bitgood identifies seven problem areas, which he discusses individually: pre-visit or off-site, arrival at the facility, finding support facilities (restrooms, food, gift shop, etc.), orientation and circulation during exhibit viewing, exiting or leaving the facility, and measurement of visitors' orientation and circulation behavior.
In this article, Patricia A. McNamara answers questions about using formative evaluation to develop exhibits, based on nearly ten years of experience at the Science Museum of Virginia. McNamara discusses beginning the formative evaluation process, selecting staff, setting goals, building prototype exhibits, working with visitors, using visitor data to make exhibit design decisions, and securing support from top-level management.
In this article, researchers from Colorado State University discuss a research study at the Denver Art Museum. The study investigated how one survey of visitors to the museum was used to increase staff awareness of different levels of audience commitment, while at the same time yielding evaluation information about an Asian Art exhibit to guide planning of new interpretation materials.
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TEAM MEMBERS:
Ross LoomisMarc FuscoRuth EdwardsMelora McDermott
In this article, Eileen Walker of the Royal Ontario Museum discusses the usefulness of front-end evaluation as the museum renovates all of its galleries. In particular, Walker outlines the front-end evaluation process of the museum's new European Galleries, which aimed at determining visitors' interests, prior knowledge, activities, and preferences in areas related to European Decorative Arts and to the display of such objects. The data informed and facilitated decision-making in the early stages of the gallery development project.
In this article, Minda Borun of the Franklin Institute Science Museum discusses the museum's eighteen month study to discover visitors' misconceptions about gravity and air pressure and to develop exhibits which help people restructure these concepts and achieve an understanding of the scientific explanation. The project is intended to establish a new model for the design of effective science museum exhibits.