The goal of the front-end studies was get a sense of what visitors believe to be the commonalities (if any) among all living things. The goal of this particular study was to find out whether visitors could think of counter-examples to seven true commonalities identified by the Traits of Life team. The results would reveal how familiar visitors were with these key commonalities identified by the team. Also, any exceptions frequently suggested by visitors would be identified as intriguing organisms to use in the exhibits.
In this article, Lois H. Silverman, professor in the Department of Recreation and Park Administration at Indiana University, examines how meaning making, a powerful theoretical concept, can apply to museums. Silverman analyzes literature on the subject as well as provides ten points related to how this meaning-making perspective can be put into actual exhibit design practice.
In this article, George E. Hein, Professor Emeritus and Senior Research Associate, Program Evaluation and Research Group, Lesley College, discusses meaning making and constructivism, two often confused terms and how they relate to exhibit development. Hein reviews educational theories to point out that constructivist educational theory elevates meaning making to a central role in learning.
This Phase I SEPA proposal supports a consortium of science and education partners that will develop System Dynamics (SD) computer models to illustrate basic health science concepts. The consortium includes Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU), Portland Public Schools (PPS), Saturday Academy, and the Portland VA Medical Center. SD is a computer modeling technique in which diagrams illustrate system structure and simulations illustrate system behavior. Desktop computers and commercial software packages allow SD to be applied with considerable success in K-12 education. NSF grants to Portland Public Schools have trained over 225 high school teachers in Portland and surrounding areas. Two magnet programs have been established with an emphasis on systems and at least five other schools offer significant systems curriculum. Major components of this project include (1) Annual summer research internships at OHSU for high school teachers and high school students, (2) Development of SD models relevant to each research project, (3) Ongoing interactions between high school science programs and OHSU research laboratories, (4) Development of curriculum materials to augment the use of the SD model in the high school classroom or laboratory setting, and (5) Development of video materials to support the classroom teacher. Content will focus on four fundamental models: linear input/exponential output, bi-molecular binding (association/dissociation), population dynamics, and homeostasis. Each of these models is very rich and may be extended to a broad variety of research problems. In addition these models may be combined, for example to illustrate the effect of drugs (binding model) on blood pressure (homeostasis model). System Dynamics is an exemplary tool for the development of materials consistent with National Science Education Standards. SD was specifically developed to emphasize interactions among system structure, organization, and behavior. Students use these material as part of inquiry-based science programs in which the teacher serves as a guide and facilitator rather than the primary source of all content information; technical writing by students is also encouraged. Finally, these SD materials will provide a coherent body of work to guide the ongoing professional development of the classroom science teacher.